Elixir Conditionals

If

iex> if String.valid?("Hello") do
...>   "Valid string!"
...> else
...>   "Invalid string."
...> end
"Valid string!"

iex> if "a string value" do
...>   "Truthy"
...> end
"Truthy"
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Unless

iex> unless is_integer("hello") do
...>   "Not an Int"
...> end
"Not an Int"
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Case

iex> case {:ok, "Hello World"} do
...>   {:ok, result} -> result
...>   {:error} -> "Uh oh!"
...>   _ -> "Catch all"
...> end
"Hello World"
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_ is an important inclusion too:

iex> case :even do
...>   :odd -> "Odd"
...> end
** (CaseClauseError) no case clause matching: :even

iex> case :even do
...>   :odd -> "Odd"
...>   _ -> "Not Odd"
...> end
"Not Odd"
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With pinning:

iex> pie = 3.14
 3.14
iex> case "cherry pie" do
...>   ^pie -> "Not so tasty"
...>   pie -> "I bet #{pie} is tasty"
...> end
"I bet cherry pie is tasty"
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